ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Xinfeng capsules on immunoinflammatory indicators in patients with rheumatoid arthritis （RA） due to spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance. MethodA total of 102 patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method， with 51 cases in each group. All patients were treated with methotrexate tablets， while those in the observation group received additional Xinfeng capsules. The course of treatment in both groups was 12 weeks. The 28-joint disease activity score （DAS28）， visual analogue scale （VAS） scores， morning stiffness time， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， rheumatoid factor （RF）， anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide （anti-CCP） antibody， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and serum amyloid A （SAA） of the two groups before and after treatment were compared. The efficacy and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups. The Apriori association rule model and random walk model were constructed to evaluate the effect of Xinfeng capsules in improving hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， VEGF， and anti-CCP. ResultThere were no dropouts in this study. There was no statistical difference in the indicators between the two groups before treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment， the total effective rate in the observation group was 90.19% （46/51）， which was higher than 74.51% （38/51） in the control group （χ2＝4.320，P<0.05）. DAS28， VAS score， and morning stiffness time in the observation group were improved compared with those in the control group （P<0.05）. Apriori association rule model results showed that the application of Xinfeng capsules in the observation group had a strong correlation with the reduction of RF， ESR， hs-CRP， SAA， and VEGF. The results of the random walk model showed that the improvement coefficients of hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， and VEGF in the observation group were all better than those of the control group， and the improvement coefficient of anti-CCP in the control group was better than that of the observation group. The improvement degree of hs-CRP， ESR， RF， SAA， and VEGF in the observation group was superior to that of the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than in the control group （χ2＝4.057，P<0.05）. ConclusionOn the basis of the treatment with methotrexate tablets， Xinfeng capsules can effectively improve the immunoinflammatory level in RA due to spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
This paper aims to present a review of the research progress on the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and microglia-mediated inflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder in which the immuno-inflammatory pathway is considered to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of disease， and manifested by microglia activation and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in the brain. However， the biological mechanism underlying immune disorder in schizophrenia has not been fully elucidated. In recent years， accumulating evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore， this article reviews the research progress on the roles of mitochondrial days function and microglia-mediated inflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia， so as to inform the study of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
Gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic system, and is essential for the health of the body. As the "second genome" of the body, it can establish communication with the important organs by regulating intestinal nerves, gastrointestinal hormones, intestinal barrier, immunity and metabolism, thus affecting host′s physiological functions. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA), known as one important metabolite of intestinal microbiota, is regarded as a significant messenger of the gut-organ communication, due to its extensive regulation in the body′s immunity, metabolism, endocrine and signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the interaction between gut-liver/brain/kidney/lung axis and diseases, and focus on the role and mechanism of SCFA in the gut-organ communication, hoping to provide new ideas for the treatment of the related diseases.